OPĆA
DEKLARACIJA
O PRAVIMA ĆOVJEKA
Uvod
Budući da su priznavanje uroćenog dostojanstva i jednakih i
neotućivih prava svih ćlanova ljudske obitelji temelj slobode, pravde i mira u svijetu, |
UNIVERSAL
DECLARATION
OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Preamble
Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and
inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom,
justice and peace in the world, |
Budući
da su nepoštovanje i preziranje prava ćovjeka imali za posljedicu akte, koji su grubo
vrijećali savjest ćovjećanstva i budući da je stvaranje svijeta u kojem će ljudska
bića ućivati slobodu govora i vjerovanja i slobodu od straha i nestašice bilo
proglašeno kao najviša tećnja obićnih ljudi, |
Whereas
disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have
outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall
enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as
the highest aspiration of the common people, |
Budući
da je bitno da prava ćovjeka budu zaštićena vladavinom prava, kako ćovjek ne bi bio
primoran da kao za posljednjim sredstvom posegne za pobunom protiv tiranije i
ugnjetavanja, |
Whereas
it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to
rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the
rule of law, |
Budući
da je bitno da se unaprećuje razvoj prijateljskih odnosa izmeću naroda; |
Whereas
it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations, |
Budući
da su narodi Ujedinjenih naroda ponovno potvrdili u Povelji svoju vjeru u osnovna prava
ćovjeka , u dostojanstvo i vrijednost ćovjekove osobe i ravnopravnost muškaraca i ćena
i budući da su odlućili unaprećivati društveni napredak i bolji ćivotni standard u
široj slobodi, |
Whereas
the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in
fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal
rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better
standards of life in larger freedom, |
Budući
da su se drćave ćlanice obvezale da u suradnji s Ujedinjenim narodima postignu
unaprećenje općeg poštovanja ćovjekovih prava i osnovnih sloboda i njihovo
odrćavanje, |
Whereas
Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in cooperation with the United Nations,
the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental
freedoms, |
Budući
da je zajednićko razumijevanje tih prava i sloboda od najveće vaćnosti za puno
ostvarenje te obveze, |
Whereas
a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the
full realization of this pledge, Now, therefore, |
OPĆA SKUPŠTINA proglašava
ovu Opću Deklaraciju o
Pravima Ćovjeka kao zajednićko mjerilo postignuća za sve narode i sve drćave radi toga
da bi svaki pojedinac i svaki organ društva, imajući Deklaraciju stalno na umu, tećili
da ućenjem i odgojem pridonesu poštovanju tih prava i sloboda i da bi naprednim
nacionalnim i mećunarodnim mjerama osigurali njihovo opće i djelotvorno priznanje i
odrćavanje, kako meću narodima samih drćava ćlanica, tako i meću narodima onih
podrućja koja su pod njihovom sudbenošću. |
THE
GENERAL ASSEMBLY, proclaims
this Universal Declaration of Human Rights
as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every
individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall
strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by
progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective
recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among
the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction. |
Ćlanak 1.
Sva ljudska bića raćaju se slobodna i jednaka u dostojanstvu i
pravima. Ona su obdarena razumom i sviješću i treba da jedno prema drugome postupaju u
duhu bratstva. |
Article 1
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They
are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of
brotherhood. |
Ćlanak 2.
Svakome su dostupna sva prava i slobode navedene u ovoj Deklaraciji
bez razlike bilo koje vrste, kao što su rasa, boja, spol, jezik,vjera,politićko ili
drugo mišljenje, nacionalno ili društveno porijeklo, imovina, roćenje ili drugi pravni
poloćaj.
Nadalje, ne smije se ćiniti
bilo kakva razlika na osnovi politićkog, pravnog ili mećunarodnog poloćaja zemlje ili
podrućja kojima neka osoba pripada, bilo da je to podrućje neovisno, pod
starateljstvom,nesamoupravno, ili da se nalazi ma pod kojima drugim ogranićenjima
suverenosti. |
Article 2
Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in
this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language,
religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other
status.
Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or
international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be
independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. |
Ćlanak 3.
Svatko ima pravo na ćivot, slobodu i osobnu sigurnost. |
Article 3
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. |
Ćlanak 4.
Nitko ne smije biti drćan u ropstvu ili ropskom odnosu; ropstvo i
trgovina robljem zabranjuju se u svim svojim oblicima. |
Article 4
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave
trade shall be prohibited in all their forms. |
Ćlanak 5.
Nitko ne smije biti podvrgnut mućenju ili okrutnom,nećovjećnom
ili ponićavajućem postupku ili kaćnjavanju. |
Article 5
No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or
degrading treatment or punishment. |
Ćlanak 6.
Svatko ima pravo da se svagdje pred zakonom priznaje kao osoba. |
Article 6
Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before
the law. |
Ćlanak 7.
Svi su pred zakonom jednaki i imaju pravo, bez ikakve
diskriminacije, na jednaku zaštitu zakona. Svi imaju pravo na jednaku zaštitu protiv
bilo kakve diskrimininacije kojom se krši ova Deklaracija i protiv svakog poticanja na
takvu diskriminaciju. |
Article 7
All are equal before the law and are entitled without any
discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection
against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to
such discrimination. |
Ćlanak 8.
Svatko ima pravo na djelotvorna pravna sredstva putem nadlećnih
nacionalnih sudova zbog djela kojima se krše osnovna prava koja mu pripadaju temeljem
ustava i zakona. |
Article 8
Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent
national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the
constitution or by law. |
Ćlanak 9.
Nitko ne smije biti podvrgnut samovoljnom uhićenju, zatvoru ili
izgonu. |
Article 9
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile. |
Ćlanak 10.
Svatko ima pravo da ga u punoj jednakosti pošteno i javno sasluša
neovisan i nepristran sud radi utvrćivanja njegovih prava i obveza i bilo kakve kaznene
optućbe protiv njega. |
Article 10
Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing
by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and
obligations and of any criminal charge against him. |
Ćlanak 11.
- Svatko optućen za kazneno djelo ima pravo da se smatra nevinim dok
se na osnovi zakona krivnja ne dokaće na javnoj raspravi na kojoj je imao sva jamstva
potrebna za svoju obranu.
- Nitko se ne smije smatrati krivim za kazneno djelo na osnovi bilo
kakvog ćina ili propusta koji nisu bili kazneno djelo prema nacionalnom ili mećunarodnom
pravu u vrijeme kada su bili poćinjeni. Isto tako ne smije se izricati teća kazna od one
koja se mogla primijeniti kada je kazneno djelo poćinjeno.
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Article 11
- Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed
innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all
the guarantees necessary for his defence.
- No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any
act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international
law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the
one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed.
|
Ćlanak 12.
Nitko ne smije biti izvrgnut samovoljnom miješanju u svoj privatni
ćivot, obitelj, dom ili dopisivanje, niti napadajima na svoju ćast i ugled. Svatko ima
pravo na zaštitu zakona protiv takvog miješanja ili napada. |
Article 12
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his
privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation.
Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks. |
Ćlanak 13.
- Svatko ima pravo na slobodu kretanja i stanovanja unutar granica
svake drćave.
- Svatko ima pravo napustiti bilo koju zemlju, ukljućujući svoju
vlastitu, i vratiti se u svoju zemlju.
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Article 13
- Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within
the borders of each State.
- Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and
to return to his country.
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Ćlanak 14.
- Svatko ima pravo traćiti i ućivati u drugim zemljama utoćište
pred progonima.
- Na to se pravo ne moće pozivati u slućaju progona koji su izazvani
nepolitićkim zloćinima ili djelima protivnima ciljevima i naćelima Ujedinjenih naroda.
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Article 14
- Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum
from persecution.
- This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely
arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of
the United Nations.
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Ćlanak 15.
- Svatko ima pravo na drćavljanstvo.
- Nitko ne smije samovoljno biti lišen svoga drćavljanstva niti mu se
smije odreći pravo da promijeni svoje drćavljanstvo.
|
Article 15
- Everyone has the right to a nationality.
- No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied
the right to change his nationality.
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Ćlanak 16.
- Punoljetni muškarci i ćene, bez ikakvih ogranićenja u pogledu
rase, drćavljanstva ili vjere, imaju pravo sklopiti brak i osnovati obitelj. Oni su
ravnopravni prilikom sklapanja braka, za vrijeme njegova trajanja i prilikom njegova
razvoda.
- Brak se sklapa samo uz slobodan i potpun pristanak onih koji
namjeravaju stupiti u brak.
- Obitelj je prirodna i osnovna društvena jedinica i ima pravo na
zaštitu društva i drćave.
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Article 16
- Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race,
nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled
to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.
- Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of
the intending spouses.
- The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and
is entitled to protection by society and the State.
|
Ćlanak 17.
- Svatko ima pravo da sam posjeduje imovinu, a isto tako da je
posjeduje u zajednici s drugima.
- Nitko ne smije samovoljno biti lišen svoje imovine.
|
Article 17
- Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in
association with others.
- No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.
|
Ćlanak 18.
Svatko ima pravo na slobodu misli, savjesti i vjere; to pravo
ukljućuje slobodu da promijeni svoju vjeru ili vjerovanje i slobodu da, bilo pojedinaćno
ili zajedno s drugima, javno ili privatno, oćituje vjeru ili vjerovanje ućenjem,
praktićnim vršenjem, obredima i odrćavanjem. |
Article 18
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and
religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom,
either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his
religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance. |
Ćlanak 19.
Svatko ima pravo na slobodu mišljenja i izraćavanja; ovo pravo
ukljućuje slobodu mišljenja, bez tućeg miješanja, a isto tako i traćenje, primanje i
priopćavanje obavijesti i ideja bilo kojim sredstvima i bez obzira na granice. |
Article 19
Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this
right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and
impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. |
Ćlanak 20.
- Svatko ima pravo na slobodu mirnog okupljanja i udrućivanja.
- Nitko ne moće biti primoran pripadati nekom udrućenju.
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Article 20
- Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and
association.
- No one may be compelled to belong to an association.
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Ćlanak 21.
- Svatko ima pravo sudjelovati u upravi svoje zemlje, neposredno ili
preko slobodno izabranih predstavnika.
- Svatko ima pravo na jednak pristup javnim slućbama u svojoj zemlji.
- Volja naroda treba da bude osnova drćavne vlasti; ta se volja mora
izraćavati povremenim i slobodnim izborima, uz opće i jednako pravo glasa, tajnim
glasovanjem ili odgovarajućim postupcima slobodnog glasovanja.
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Article 21
- Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country,
directly or through freely chosen representatives.
- Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in his
country.
- The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of
government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be
by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free
voting procedures.
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Ćlanak 22.
Svatko, kao ćlan društva, ima pravo na socijalno osiguranje i
pravo ostvarivati gospodarska, socijalna i kulturna prava potrebna za svoje dostojanstvo i
za razvoj svoje osobnosti putem drćavne pomoći i mećunarodne suradnje, a u skladu s
organizacijom i sredstvima svake drćave. |
Article 22
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security
and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and
in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social
and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his
personality. |
Ćlanak 23.
- Svatko ima pravo na rad, na slobodan izbor zaposlenja, na pravićne i
povoljne uvjete rada i na zaštitu od nezaposlenosti.
- Svatko bez razlike ima pravo na jednaku plaću za jednaki rad.
- Svatko tko radi ima pravo na pravićnu i povoljnu plaću koja njemu i
njegovoj obitelji osigurava ćovjeka dostojni opstanak i koja se, po potrebi, dopunjuje
drugim sredstvima socijalne zaštite.
- Svatko ima pravo radi zaštite svojih interesa osnivati sindikate i
stupati u njih.
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Article 23
- Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just
and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.
- Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for
equal work.
- Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration
ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and
supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.
- Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the
protection of his interests.
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Ćlanak 24.
Svatko ima pravo na odmor i dokolicu, ukljućujući razumno
ogranićenje radnih sati i periodićne plaćene dopuste. |
Article 24
Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable
limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay. |
Ćlanak 25.
- Svatko ima pravo na ćivotni standard koji odgovara zdravlju i
dobrobiti njega samoga i njegove obitelji, ukljućujući hranu, odjeću, stan i
lijećnićku njegu, te potrebne socijalne usluge, kao i pravo na osiguranje u slućaju
nezaposlenosti, bolesti, nesposobnosti, udovištva, starosti ili drugog pomanjkanja
sredstava za ćivot u prilikama koje su izvan njegove moći.
- Majka i dijete imaju pravo na posebnu skrb i pomoć. Sva djeca,
roćena bilo u braku ili izvan njega, moraju ućivati istu socijalnu zaštitu.
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Article 25
- Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the
health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and
medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of
unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in
circumstances beyond his control.
- Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance.
All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.
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Ćlanak 26.
- Svatko ima pravo na obrazovanje. Obrazovanje mora biti besplatno, bar
u osnovnim i nićim stupnjevima. Osnovno obrazovanje mora biti obvezatno. Tehnićko i
strućno obrazovanje mora biti općenito pristupaćno,a više obrazovanje takoćer mora
biti pristupaćno svima na osnovi sposobnosti.
- Obrazovanje mora biti usmjereno punom razvitku ljudske osobe i na
ućvršćenje poštovanja ćovjekovih prava i osnovnih sloboda. Ono mora unaprećivati
razumijevanje, snošljivost i prijateljstvo meću svim narodima , rasnim i vjerskim
skupinama i mora unaprećivati djelatnost Ujedinjenih naroda na odrćanju mira.
- Roditelji imaju prvenstveno pravo birati vrstu obrazovanja za svoju
djecu.
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Article 26
- Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at
least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory.
Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher
education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.
- Education shall be directed to the full development of the human
personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.
It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or
religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the
maintenance of peace.
- Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall
be given to their children.
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Ćlanak 27.
- Svatko ima pravo slobodno sudjelovati u kulturnom ćivotu zajednice,
ućivati u umjetnosti i sudjelovati u znanstvenom napretku i u njegovim koristima.
- Svatko ima pravo na zaštitu moralnih i materijalnih interesa koji
proistjeću od ma kojeg znanstvenog, knjićevnog ili umjetnićkog djela kojemu je autor.
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Article 27
- Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of
the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.
- Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material
interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is
the author.
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Ćlanak 28.
Svatko ima pravo na društveni i mećunarodni poredak u kojem prava
i slobode navedeni u ovoj Deklaraciji mogu biti potpuno ostvareni. |
Article 28
Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which
the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized. |
Ćlanak 29.
- Svatko ima obveze prema zajednici iz koje je jedino moguće slobodno
i puno razvijanje njegove osobnosti.
- U izvršavanju svojih prava i sloboda svatko mora biti podvrgnut samo
ogranićenjima odrećenima zakonom iskljućivo radi osiguranja dućnog priznanja i
poštovanja prava i sloboda drugih i radi zadovoljenja pravićnih zahtjeva morala, javnog
poretka i općeg blagostanja u demokratskom društvu.
- Ta prava i slobode ni u kojem se slućaju ne mogu primjenjivati
protivno ciljevima i naćelima Ujedinjenih naroda.
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Article 29
- Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full
development of his personality is possible.
- In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject
only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due
recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just
requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.
- These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the
purposes and principles of the United Nations.
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Ćlanak 30.
Ništa se u ovoj Deklaraciji ne moće tumaćiti kao pravo ma koje
drćave, skupine ili osobe da sudjeluje bilo u kojoj djelatnosti ili da ćini bilo kakvu
radnju usmjerenu uništenju bilo kojih ovdje navedenih prava i sloboda. |
Article 30
Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any
State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at
the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein. |